abstract：:Dramatic genome rearrangement has been observed after whole genome duplication (WGD) in some plant species, leading many to suggest that genome restructuring may be a common consequence of WGD. However, recent analyses of ancient WGDs in yeast and vertebrates have not shown any evidence for increased rearrangement aft...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Hufton AL,Panopoulou G

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:All the aspects of transcription are controlled by complexes that modify or remodel chromatin at the level of individual genes, gene clusters, or whole chromosomes. The MSL complex that is responsible for dosage compensation in Drosophila is an example of complexes that operate at the whole-chromosome level on the tra...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Lucchesi JC

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent evidence suggests that dynamic three-dimensional genomic interactions in the nucleus exert critical roles in regulated gene expression. Here, we review a series of recent paradigm-shifting experiments that highlight the existence of specific gene networks within the self-organizing space of the nucleus. These g...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Nunez E,Fu XD,Rosenfeld MG

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organogenesis depends upon a well-ordered series of inductive events involving coordination of molecular pathways that regulate the generation and patterning of specific cell types. Key questions in organogenesis involve the identification of the molecular mechanisms by which proteins interact to organize distinct pat...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Bei M

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation of new blood vessels through the process of angiogenesis is critical in vascular development and homeostasis. Aberrant angiogenesis leads to a variety of diseases, such as ischemia and cancer. Recent studies have revealed important roles for miRNAs in regulating endothelial cell (EC) function, especially...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Wang S,Olson EN

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have supported the hypothesis that the high heritability of schizophrenia reflects a combination of relatively common alleles of small effect and some rare alleles with relatively large effects. Genome-wide association studies have identified at least one common allele of small effect at ZNF804a, which ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Owen MJ,Williams HJ,O'Donovan MC

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognition and pairing of homologous chromosomes are absolutely required for successful segregation during meiosis. We still have no model, however, that adequately explains the mechanism of these processes in a quantitative way. The fact that homologue pairing takes similar times across several orders of magnitude i...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Moore G,Shaw P

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The eukaryotic nucleus is a highly compartmentalized and dynamic environment. Chromosome territories are arranged nonrandomly within the nucleus and numerous studies have indicated that a gene's position in the nucleus can impact its transcriptional activity. Here, we focus on recent advances in our understanding of t...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Zhao R,Bodnar MS,Spector DL

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer stem cells and their potential roles in tumor heterogeneity are currently subjects of intense investigation. Studies suggest that these cells may develop from any normal cell and have begun to elucidate their molecular profiles. The percentage of a tumor composed of cancer stem cells varies greatly, and researc...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Marotta LL,Polyak K

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Novel mechanisms, and molecular mediators, of the pro-tumorigenic effects of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been identified. These include CXCL12/SDF-1-mediated recruitment of bone marrow-derived endothelial precursor cell and pro-metastatic effects of CCL5. Co-culture experiments also suggest that CAFs can...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Ostman A,Augsten M

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant genomes exhibit tremendous diversity in both their size and structure, with genome sizes across land plants ranging over two to three orders of magnitude and significant variation in structural organization was observed across species (EA Kellogg, JL Bennetzen, The evolution of nuclear genome structure in seed p...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Flowers JM,Purugganan MD

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methods to globally survey gene expression provide valuable insights into gene function during development. In particular, comprehensive in situ hybridization studies have demonstrated that gene expression patterns are extraordinarily diverse and new imaging techniques have been introduced to capture these patterns wi...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Lécuyer E,Tomancak P

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multicellularity has evolved multiple times independently from a variety of ancestral unicellular lineages. Past research on multicellularity was focused more on explaining why it was repeatedly invented and less so on the molecular foundations associated with each transition. Several recent comparative functional ana...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Rokas A

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vertebrate neural crest cells are embryonic neuroepithelial cells that undergo an epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migrate throughout the embryo and form a wide variety of derivatives, including peripheral neurons and glia, pigment cells, and craniofacial cartilage, bone and teeth. Neural crest cell evolution and el...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Baker CV

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tissue differentiation and signal transduction involve dramatic changes in gene expression. These changes can be brought about by the expression or activation of sequence-specific transcription factors. In order to regulate their target genes, such factors must navigate the intricate chromatin environment and engage t...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Carrera I,Treisman JE

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gibberellins (GAs) affect several growth and developmental responses during the plant life cycle. Components essential for GA perception and GA signaling have been identified in rice and Arabidopsis and are conserved among vascular plants but not in Physcomitrella patens. The recent observation that DELLAs bind in nuc...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Davière JM,de Lucas M,Prat S

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nature-nurture argument surrounding the mechanisms of disease causation cannot be resolved, as the roles of genes and environment are inextricably entwined. Environmental fluctuation is clearly a major modifier of phenotype, as well as a promoter of evolutionary change. Both types of variability can be mediated by...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Yeyati PL,van Heyningen V

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcription is the first step in gene expression, and its regulation underlies multicellular development and the response to environmental changes. Most studies of transcriptional regulation have focused on the recruitment of RNA polymerase to promoters. However, recent work has shown that, for many promoters, post-...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Wade JT,Struhl K

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In metazoans, lineage-specific transcription factors and epigenetic modifiers function to establish and maintain proper gene expression programs during development. Recent landmark studies in both mouse and human have defined a set of transcription factors whose ectopic expression by retroviral transduction is capable...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Welstead GG,Schorderet P,Boyer LA

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The success of treatment of cancer patients depends on matching the most effective therapeutic regimen with the characteristics of the individual patient, balancing benefit against risk of adverse events. The primary challenge in achieving this goal is the heterogeneity of the disease, recognizing that breast, lung, c...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Potti A,Nevins JR

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The advent of the genomics age has greatly facilitated the study of crop evolution. While full-scale genome sequencing projects are underway for just a handful of crop plants, recent years have witnessed a tremendous increase in the availability of DNA sequence data for virtually all major crops. Such resources have b...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Burke JM,Burger JC,Chapman MA

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seed development starts at double fertilization when two sperms fuse with a female gamete, the egg and central cell, giving rise to the embryo and endosperm, respectively. Uniting two parental genomes into one, unique, zygotic genome is certainly the first event requiring large-scale chromatin modifications and remode...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Baroux C,Pien S,Grossniklaus U

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genomic perspective aids in integrating the analysis of single resistance (R-) genes into a higher order model of complex plant resistance systems. The majority of R-genes encode a class of proteins with nucleotide binding (NB) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains. Several R-proteins act in multi-protein R-comple...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Friedman AR,Baker BJ

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Imprinting occurs in the endosperm of flowering plants. Endosperm, produced by fertilization of the central cell in the female gametophyte, is essential for embryo and seed development. Several imprinted genes play an important role in endosperm development. The mechanism of gene imprinting involves DNA methylation an...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Huh JH,Bauer MJ,Hsieh TF,Fischer R

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Compartmentalized distribution of functional components is a hallmark of the eukaryotic nucleus. Technological advances in recent years have provided unprecedented insights into the role of chromatin organization and interactions of various structural-functional components toward gene regulation. SATB1, the global chr...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Galande S,Purbey PK,Notani D,Kumar PP

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular phenotypes can critically rely on mono-allelic gene expression. Recent studies suggest that in mammalian cells inter-chromosomal DNA interactions may mediate the decision which allele to activate and which to silence. Here, these findings are discussed in the context of knowledge on gene competition, chromati...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： de Laat W,Grosveld F

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autoimmunity is a complex disease process that results from a breakdown in the ability of the immune system to discriminate self from non-self. One approach to unraveling how autoimmunity occurs is to study monogenic diseases, for which a single gene defect is responsible. Recent work on the monogenic autoimmune disea...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： DeVoss JJ,Anderson MS

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a large class of small RNAs that function as negative gene regulators in eukaryotes. They regulate diverse biological processes, and bioinformatics data indicate that each miRNA can control hundreds of gene targets, underscoring the potential influence of miRNAs on almost every genetic pathway. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Niwa R,Slack FJ

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been much recent progress in our understanding of the role played by the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK cascade in human cancer. RAS is an oncogene and this pathway is known to promote proliferation and malignant transformation. More recently, however, RAF has become the focus of attention, particularly in melanoma, where ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Dhomen N,Marais R

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The emerging field of genomics examines the relationship between genetic and phenotypic variation by describing and analyzing patterns of natural variation on a genome-wide scale. In this endeavor, an important tool is the use of microarrays, which enable simultaneous screening of thousands of assays. Microarrays were...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Gilad Y,Borevitz J

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The initial human and chimpanzee genome sequences have been published, and additional primate genomes, including those of gorilla and orang-utan, are in progress. With these new resources, we can now address what makes our species unique, by focusing on the underlying genetic differences associated with phenotypes. Co...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Stone AC,Verrelli BC

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:What determines phenotype is one of the most fundamental questions in biology. Historically, the search for answers had focused on genetic or environmental variants, but recent studies in epigenetics have revealed a third mechanism that can influence phenotypic outcomes, even in the absence of genetic or environmental...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Rakyan VK,Beck S

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolutionary process of divergence, which ultimately leads to the generation of new species, is thought to occur usually without any gene exchange between the diverging populations. However, until the recent growth of multi-locus datasets, and the development of new population genetic methods, it has been very dif...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Hey J

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationships among in vivo chromatin structures, chromosome organization and genome function must be understood in order to reveal the hidden regulatory information in our genomes. Rather than being stable architectural features, it appears that chromatin and chromosome conformations at all levels are highly dyna...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Fraser P

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:X-linked mental retardation (XLMR) is a common cause of moderate to severe intellectual disability in males. XLMR is very heterogeneous, and about two-thirds of patients have clinically indistinguishable non-syndromic (NS-XLMR) forms, which has greatly hampered their molecular elucidation. A few years ago, internation...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Ropers HH

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sequences of both of the human sex chromosomes and of a substantial part of the chimpanzee Y chromosome have now been determined, and most of the protein-coding genes have been identified. The X chromosome codes for more than 800 proteins but the Y chromosome for only approximately 60, illustrating their very diff...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Ross MT,Bentley DR,Tyler-Smith C

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple histone-modifying enzymes have been identified in the past several years. Much has been learned regarding the biochemistry of these enzymes and their effects on gene expression in cultured cells. However, the functions of these factors during development are still largely unknown. Recent genetic studies indic...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Lin W,Dent SY

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the past few years, the area of comparative genomics of malaria parasites has begun to come of age, with the completion of genome sequencing projects of four Plasmodium species, and several functional genomics studies. A picture is emerging of a parasite genome that is highly adapted to its mammalian and vector hos...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Hall N,Carlton J

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eukaryotic organisms have the remarkable ability to inherit states of gene activity without altering the underlying DNA sequence. This epigenetic inheritance can persist over thousands of years, providing an alternative to genetic mutations as a substrate for natural selection. Epigenetic inheritance might be propagat...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Zilberman D,Henikoff S

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evolutionary studies suggest that the limbs of vertebrates and the appendages of arthropods do not share a common origin. However, recent genetic studies show new similarities in their developmental programmes. These similarities might be caused by the independent recruitment of homologous genes for similar functions ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Pueyo JI,Couso JP

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00